• Nical (43/43) Mar 08 2010 Hi, I'm trying to use C/C++ functions in a D program but I cant get
• Lars T. Kyllingstad (23/79) Mar 08 2010 The problem is that the linker doesn't find the main() function. I

Nical <nical.silva gmail.com> writes:

Hi, I'm trying to use C/C++ functions in a D program but I cant get
it to compile.
I tried the exemple of digital mars's website:

// ---- file.cpp
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int foo(int i, int j, int k)
{
    cout << "i = " << i << endl;
    cout << "j = " << j << endl;
    cout << "k = " << k << endl;
    return 7;
}

// ---- main.d
extern (C++) int foo(int i, int j, int k);
void main()
{
    foo(1,2,3);
}

and a makefile that might not be correct now that i've experimented
various things on it:

OBJ= main.o file.o

all: ${OBJ}
	g++ ${OBJ}

bin/main.o: file.o
	dmd main.d

bin/file.o:
	g++ -c file.cpp -o file.o



I get this error:

nico nical-netbook:~/Programmation/D/test binding$ make
g++    -c -o file.o file.cpp
g++ main.o file.o -o test
/usr/lib/gcc/i486-linux-gnu/4.4.1/../../../../lib/crt1.o: In
function `_start':
/build/buildd/eglibc-2.10.1/csu/../sysdeps/i386/elf/start.S:115:
undefined reference to `main'
main.o: In function `no symbol':
main.d:(.text+0x8): undefined reference to `_Dmodule_ref'
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
make: *** [all] Erreur 1
nico nical-netbook:~/Programmation/D/test binding$

thanks in advance

Nico

"Lars T. Kyllingstad" <public kyllingen.NOSPAMnet> writes:

Nical wrote:
 Hi, I'm trying to use C/C++ functions in a D program but I cant get
 it to compile.
 I tried the exemple of digital mars's website:
 
 // ---- file.cpp
 #include <iostream>
 using namespace std;
 int foo(int i, int j, int k)
 {
     cout << "i = " << i << endl;
     cout << "j = " << j << endl;
     cout << "k = " << k << endl;
     return 7;
 }
 
 // ---- main.d
 extern (C++) int foo(int i, int j, int k);
 void main()
 {
     foo(1,2,3);
 }
 
 and a makefile that might not be correct now that i've experimented
 various things on it:
 
 OBJ= main.o file.o
 
 all: ${OBJ}
 	g++ ${OBJ}
 
 bin/main.o: file.o
 	dmd main.d
 
 bin/file.o:
 	g++ -c file.cpp -o file.o
 
 
 
 I get this error:
 
 nico nical-netbook:~/Programmation/D/test binding$ make
 g++    -c -o file.o file.cpp
 g++ main.o file.o -o test
 /usr/lib/gcc/i486-linux-gnu/4.4.1/../../../../lib/crt1.o: In
 function `_start':
 /build/buildd/eglibc-2.10.1/csu/../sysdeps/i386/elf/start.S:115:
 undefined reference to `main'
 main.o: In function `no symbol':
 main.d:(.text+0x8): undefined reference to `_Dmodule_ref'
 collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
 make: *** [all] Erreur 1
 nico nical-netbook:~/Programmation/D/test binding$
 
 thanks in advance
 
 Nico

The problem is that the linker doesn't find the main() function.  I 
think the following is what happens when you write a D program and 
compile it with DMD:

   1. You write a D-style main() function.

   2. The D compiler automatically includes in the final executable
      a C-style main() function that calls your D main().  This is
      the actual starting point for your program, and the one the
      linker is looking for.

g++ unfortunately doesn't include the C main() function, because it 
doesn't know where to find it.  There are thus two ways to solve your 
problem:

a) Use DMD to link the files.  You then have to explicitly pass it the 
name of the C++ standard library as a linker option:

    g++ -c file.cpp -o file.o
    dmd -L-lstdc++ main.d file.o

b) Use g++ to link the files.  You then have to explicitly pass it the 
name and location of the D standard library and libpthread:

    g++ -c file.cpp -o file.o
    dmd -c main.d
    g++ -L/path/to/D/library -lphobos2 -lpthread main.o file.o

I recommend a).  Less typing.  :)

-Lars